Analogue Modulation and Optical Fibre Networks

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Analogue Modulation and Optical Fibre Networks: Principles and Applications

Introduction

Modern communication systems rely heavily on the efficient transmission of information over various media. Two core areas within communication systems are analogue modulation and optical fibre networks. Analogue modulation has played a key role in transmitting signals over long distances using radio waves, while optical fibre networks have transformed data transmission using light. This paper critically evaluates analogue modulation, analyses the principles of optical fibre networks, and includes all necessary calculations to support the theoretical discussion.

Analogue Modulation in Communication Systems

Definition and Importance

Analogue modulation refers to the process of varying a carrier signal in proportion to an information signal, typically audio or video. This method is essential for transmitting data over long distances using electromagnetic waves, particularly in radio, television, and some legacy communication systems.

Types of Analogue Modulation

There are three main types of analogue modulation:

1. Amplitude Modulation (AM): The amplitude of the carrier signal is varied according to the amplitude of the message signal.

2. Frequency Modulation (FM): The frequency of the carrier signal is varied in accordance with the message signal.

3. Phase Modulation (PM): The phase of the carrier signal is modified based on the message signal.

Critical Evaluation of AM and FM

Amplitude Modulation is simpler to implement and requires less bandwidth. However, it is highly susceptible to noise and interference because both the signal and noise affect amplitude.

Frequency Modulation, by contrast, offers better resistance to noise. It requires a larger bandwidth, but this trade-off results in improved sound quality and signal reliability, making FM preferable for high-fidelity applications like FM radio broadcasting.