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Learning styles are approaches to learning, which involve specific methods for each individual learner. Discuss different learning strategies that allow individuals to learn best.

Assignment Brief

TASK DESCRIPTION – An essay on:

Assessment 1 - Individual essay (1000 words maximum)

Read the article below and do further research to answer the questions that follow:

Learning styles are various approaches or ways of learning. They involve educating methods particular to an individual that are presumed to allow that individual to learn best. Most people prefer an identifiable method of interacting with, taking in, and processing stimuli or information. Based on this concept, the idea of individualized "learning styles" originated in the 1970s, and acquired enormous popularity (Pashler, McDaniel, Rohrer, and Bjork, 2009). Today the traditional belief, that learning differences arise from different levels of intelligence and cognitive abilities has been changed and it is verified that learning differences arise from intelligence differences in addition to other factors such as personality characteristics, task difficulty, and learning styles (Emamepur & Shams, 2007; Yilmaz & Orhan, 2010).

According to James and Gardner (1995) learning styles are the conditions that enable learners to perceive, to process, to store, and recall the learning contents. Peirce (2000) believes that learning style is the method that people prefer over other methods in learning. It is necessary that teachers, school managers and other members of instructional teams take into account the different learning styles of students. Research results revealed that paying attention to the individual differences and learning characteristics of learners by teachers and others of instructional teams had an important role in improving the quality of learning and increasing the academic achievement of students (Safe, 2008; Tella & Adeniyi, 2009).

Additionally, researchers indicate that goal setting is essential for achievement in the learning process (Anderman, 2011). Goal setting encourages students’ self-improvement in different aspects of learning as it plays an essential component of decision making which relates to the mental processes that result in the selection of appropriate actions to make accomplishments. Therefore, in order to promote learning among students and facilitate achievement of goals, it is essential for the students to understand the concepts of goal setting theory for attaining both academic and professional success.

Excerpts adopted from:

Jahanbakhsh, R. (2012) Learning styles and academic achievement: a case study of Iranian high school girls’ students. Social and Behavioural Sciences Vol. 51, pp. 1030 – 1034

Zainudin Abu Bakar, Lee Mei Yun, Ng Siew Keow, Tan Hui Li. (2014). Goal-Setting Learning Principles. Journal of Education and Learning. Vol.8 (1) pp. 41-50.

Questions:

  1. Learning styles are approaches to learning, which involve specific methods for each individual learner. Discuss different learning strategies that allow individuals to learn best.

  2. Develop a study plan that includes short term and long term goals that can help students to attain both academic and professional success.

This assessment addresses the following learning outcomes:

LO1: Set short term and long range goals and to design an appropriate plan of study

LO3: Acquire knowledge of learning strategies and techniques to improve memory retention and understanding how people learn

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Sample Answer

Understanding Learning Styles and Effective Study Planning

Introduction

Learning is a highly individual process, shaped by cognitive abilities, personality traits, and preferred methods of acquiring and processing information. Since the 1970s, the concept of “learning styles” has emphasised the importance of tailoring educational approaches to individual learners (Pashler et al., 2009). Recognising the diversity in learning preferences not only enhances comprehension but also improves academic performance and long-term professional outcomes. In addition, goal setting has been identified as a crucial component in achieving educational success, enabling learners to structure their efforts and monitor progress effectively (Anderman, 2011). This essay explores the main learning strategies that facilitate individual learning and proposes a study plan incorporating both short-term and long-term goals for academic and professional growth.

Learning Strategies and Individual Approaches

Visual Learning

Visual learners absorb information most effectively through images, diagrams, charts, and spatial representations. Techniques that support visual learning include mind mapping, flowcharts, colour-coded notes, and the use of videos or slides. By presenting information visually, learners can more easily recall and integrate knowledge into existing mental frameworks (James & Gardner, 1995). For instance, in science subjects, visual learners benefit from diagrams of processes such as cellular respiration or chemical reactions.

Auditory Learning

Auditory learners process information best through listening and verbal communication. Strategies for this type of learner include attending lectures, participating in discussions, using mnemonic devices, and recording notes to listen back later. Group study sessions and teaching others are particularly effective, as they reinforce understanding through verbal explanation (Peirce, 2000).

Kinesthetic Learning

Kinesthetic learners require physical engagement with materials or real-world experiences to understand concepts. Active learning techniques, including laboratory experiments, role plays, field trips, and hands-on projects, enhance memory retention and comprehension. For example, in business or management studies, simulations and case studies provide kinesthetic learners with practical exposure that complements theoretical learning.

Reading/Writing Preference

Some learners excel through text-based methods. These learners benefit from reading extensively, taking detailed notes, summarising information, and converting data into written formats. Structured reading schedules, essay writing, and reflective journaling reinforce learning and critical thinking skills.

Metacognitive Strategies

Beyond sensory preferences, all learners benefit from metacognitive strategies—techniques that involve planning, monitoring, and evaluating their own learning. Methods include setting study goals, self-testing, reviewing performance, and adjusting strategies according to outcomes. These approaches encourage learners to become self-directed, improving both efficiency and retention (Safe, 2008).

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Recent Papers

Learning styles are individual preferences in how people take in, process, and retain information, such as visual, auditory, kinesthetic, or reading/writing methods.

Goal setting helps students focus their efforts, track progress, and achieve both short-term academic targets and long-term professional aspirations.

Yes, most learners benefit from a combination of strategies depending on the subject and learning context.

Identify your learning style, set SMART short-term and long-term goals, allocate study time, and regularly review progress to adjust strategies.

Harold

This essay made the concept of learning styles really easy to understand. The study plan examples were practical.

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Claire

I liked how it combined goal setting with learning strategies, it’s exactly what I needed for my assignment.

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Angela

Clear, concise, and well-structured. Helped me think about how to plan my studies better.

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Ronald

The examples of short-term and long-term goals were very useful. It felt like advice I could actually implement.

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